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+ User has to 'free' the 0 page before it becomes accessible to mapping.
Probably worth noting that this is likely VERY niche and mainly
concerns stuff like certain kinds of emulators that I'm still
eons from implementing, but still.
Unbacked pages can also be useful for some kinds of notifications,
like 'if someone writes to this page, please report it to me with this
ID' or whatever, I remember seeing some discussion about it somewhere
but that's also not really relevant for the moment.
Most significantly, at least with the current design,
after the null page is freed it becomes available for use to regular req_mem()
calls, so users should probably using locks around memory requests.
That's probably a good idea anyway as internally the kernal has to
lock the virtual memory, and without a scheduler it might cause
threads to spin for a while in the kernel which is rather bad.
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+ Anything extern is right out as LLVM doesn't produce correct code for
them. Maybe if I added some extra attributes but I'm skeptical.
Replaced with static variables and getters/setters.
+ Inline ASM is apparently a bit buggy, so use an assembly stub when jumping to init.
+ Minimize work done in main() to minimize chance of LLVM doing something silly.
Still not 100% certain that I shouldn't just write the main() as an assembly stub
in arch/riscv64 to be absolutely sure everything works as intended.
+ Make .kernel.start section SHF_ALLOC, otherwise lld complains about
pc-relative addressing
Probably some other stuff as well that I'm forgetting right now. But at least with
LLVM14 LTO seems to work, which is pretty cool?
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+ Align kernel to 2MiB boundary in u-boot
+ Optimize alignment functions a little bit, should still have to check
on real hardware but 'feels' more clean
+ Add early boot debugging
+ Put extra cores we aren't ready to account for to sleep if/when they
boot.
+ Make BASE_PAGE_SIZE constant on riscv64/32, helps the compiler with
some alignment checks among other things.
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+ Had some minor issues with a wraparound of size_t that effectively
meant that some regions were allocated twice. Also, booting should be
a bit more reliable now, turned out that the previous iteration of the
booting was just accidentally working due to the kernel being placed
'close enough' in RAM to where it was linked to. Fixed by allocating a
vmem of O1 that maps the kernel to a 2MiB boundary at boot, pretty
nifty.
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+ The system is now a bit simpler and hopefully easier to understand, while also
extending the shared memory to be 1:N, where there is one owner who
may become a zombie while waiting for the N to die.
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+ Start out using big kernel lock, apparently seL4 thinks its good
enough. I might have a go at using a more fair lock, and possibly
moving to more fine-grained locks if I really feel the need to get
scalability up.
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+ Took some fairly significant changes, for one the kernel is no longer
relocated at the start of a boot, instead it sits wherever the user
decides the kernel should sit. Similarly, the initial kernel stack and
page table are stored within the binary, slightly bloating the size
but making it much safer to boot since there's really no chance of us
overwriting the fdt or initrd in memory.
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+ Allow threads to make themselves become orphants
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+ Should write this down somewhere but the idea is that when a process
gets killed, it frees all the memory it can, making all threads within
that process orphans. Orphaned threads are assigned to the init
process, which will generally call exit() on each one. Zombie threads
are threads that own some bit of shared data, and whose reference
count is above zero. They may not be swapped to or called, even though
they take up space in thread map and reserve their thread ID.
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+ Gives a very slight improvement to RPC speeds, but mostly cleans up
code a little bit.
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+ Fairly considerable speedup, as we don't have to look up the rpc pte
every time separately, instead cacheing them. Adds an architecture
specific limitation to total rpc stack size, though.
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+ Found it in newlib. This allows the compiler to more effectively
optimize away unnecessary register operations. Applied to both kernel
and init.c for a slight speed increase.
I really should move init.c to some other repository though, the
binary files are starting to get annoying
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+ Make 8250 serial driver more generic
+ Still TODO: write a tutorial on how to boot on the visionfive2
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+ Now 10M alloc/frees succeed, which totals more memory than the virtual
machine has, so no too obvious leaks are occuring. For future
debugging speed, changed 10M to 1M.
+ Also quick fix to rpcs, stacks are now assigned. Not entirely sure why
they worked before this, but good that I found it.
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+ The secret is using gravestones. I'll have to write up full
documentation for the feature but essentially riscv lets us encode
whatever we want into page table entries, as long as they're not
active. We use this to encode highest user address that is not a zero,
in that all entries in the top level are either active or gravestones.
When an active entry is removed, it is either a gravestone (if there
are other active entries above it) or it starts a cascade of removing
entries that have been previously removed
Slight runtime overhead to page mapping, pretty major advantage in rpc
calls. Feature will need to be tested more thorougly, and the init
program is sort of a best scenario with just one top level userspace
page table entry active at a time, leading to incredibly fast context
switches.
Current implementation limits a process' max virtual memory to 248 GiB
(in Sv39), but I don't think the missing 8 GiB is that big of a deal.
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+ Not strictly done yet, but we can swap between two processes :D
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+ Slightly unsure if it should be a syscall, or if assign would be
enough. Also, which thread should run in a fork/spawn? For now, old
thread, though this might increase latency. Or add swap flag to these
calls?
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+ In total, a syscall is built up of 6 values, with the first being the
syscall number. Symmetrically, the first value is now a status and the
following five values return "values". This allows us to cram in more
info into the ipc_* functions. The performance difference is
absolutely minimal, at least from my testing in qemu.
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+ Essentially, separate root process and remote procedure call handling.
I really should write down some documentation so I don't forget, but
essentially: All threads share a common process virtual memory, and
when a thread wants to make an rpc, it switches over to its own rpc
vmem space that is linked to the remote process.
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